Marketing techniques in television advertisements of food and drinks directed at children in Spain, 2012.

OBJECTIVES: To analyse marketing techniques used in television advertisements of food and drinks (AFDs) directed to children, and their nutritional quality. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of television AFDs directed to children in Spain over 7 days in 2012. Primary appeal, persuasive and nutritional marketing techniques, and links to Internet were registered. The foods were classified according to their nutritional quality using an international codification system and the UK nutrient profile model. Frequency of AFDs using marketing techniques and percentages for unhealthy products were calculated. RESULTS: Taste and fun were the main primary appeals used. Persuasive and nutritional marketing techniques and links to Internet were used in 61%, 68.5% and 65.2% of AFDs, respectively. These techniques were more common during weekdays, enhanced protection time slots and on channels with particular appeal to children. More than two-thirds of AFDs using these techniques were for unhealthy products, reaching 96.2% of AFDs with premium offers and gifts. CONCLUSIONS: There is an extensive use of marketing techniques in television AFDs directed to children in Spain. Most products advertised were unhealthy, so stronger governmental regulations are required.

Nutrition and health claims in products directed at children via television in Spain in 2012 / Alegaciones nutricionales y de salud en productos dirigidos a niños por televisión en España en 2012

Objective: To describe the use of nutrition and health claims in products directed at children via television in Spain and to analyse their nutrient profile. Methods: A cross-sectional study of television food advertisements over 7 days in five Spanish television channels popular among children. The products were classified as core, non-core or miscellaneous, and as either healthy or less healthy, according to the United Kingdom Nutrient Profile Model. We registered all claims contained on the product (packaging and labelling) and its advertisement. We calculated the frequency distributions of health and nutrition claims. Results: During the 420hours of broadcasting, 169 food products were identified, 28.5% in the dairy group and 60.9% in the non-core category. A total of 53.3% of products contained nutrition claims and 26.6% contained health claims; 62.2% of the products with claims were less healthy. Low-fat dairy products were the food category containing the highest percentage of health and nutrition claims. Conclusion: Over half of all food products marketed to children via television in Spain made some type of nutrition or health claim. Most of these products were less healthy, which could mislead Spanish consumers (AU)

Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia de uso de alegaciones nutricionales y de salud en productos dirigidos a niños por televisión en España y analizar su perfil nutricional. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal de publicidad alimentaria en cinco canales de televisión españoles populares entre los niños durante 7 días. Los productos se clasificaron como esenciales, no esenciales y misceláneos, y como saludables o menos saludables, según el perfil nutricional del Reino Unido. Se registraron las alegaciones nutricionales o de salud presentes en el producto o el anuncio correspondiente, y se calculó su distribución de frecuencias. Resultados: Durante las 420 horas de emisión se identificaron 169 productos alimentarios, el 28,5% del grupo lácteos y el 60,9% no esenciales. El 53,3% de los productos presentaban alegaciones nutricionales y el 26,6% alegaciones de salud. El 62,2% de los productos con alegaciones fueron menos saludables. Los productos lácteos bajos en grasa fueron la categoría alimentaria que contenía el porcentaje más alto de alegaciones nutricionales y de salud. Conclusión: Más de la mitad de los productos alimentarios anunciados para niños por televisión en España presentaban alegaciones nutricionales o de salud. La mayoría de esos productos eran menos saludables, pudiendo inducir a confusión a los consumidores españoles (AU)

Nutrition and health claims in products directed at children via television in Spain in 2012.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of nutrition and health claims in products directed at children via television in Spain and to analyse their nutrient profile. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of television food advertisements over 7 days in five Spanish television channels popular among children. The products were classified as core, non-core or miscellaneous, and as either healthy or less healthy, according to the United Kingdom Nutrient Profile Model. We registered all claims contained on the product (packaging and labelling) and its advertisement. We calculated the frequency distributions of health and nutrition claims. RESULTS: During the 420hours of broadcasting, 169 food products were identified, 28.5% in the dairy group and 60.9% in the non-core category. A total of 53.3% of products contained nutrition claims and 26.6% contained health claims; 62.2% of the products with claims were less healthy. Low-fat dairy products were the food category containing the highest percentage of health and nutrition claims. CONCLUSION: Over half of all food products marketed to children via television in Spain made some type of nutrition or health claim. Most of these products were less healthy, which could mislead Spanish consumers.